Reviews"Too often conflicts and arguments start from simple misunderstandings. The Buddhist symbol of the swastika is an excellent example of this human miscommunication. What started as a positive and beautiful symbol by the Buddhists was perverted and twisted by the German Nazis. This seminal work by Rev Dr. T. K. Nakagaki finally clearly and beautifully clarifies this simple and unknown truth" --Rabbi Michael Schudrich, The Chief Rabbi of Poland "The Nazi association with the symbol is so powerful in modern pop culture, it will be a long time before the swastika can be appreciated again as an expression of the positive, as it is in many ancient and Asian cultures still today. But Dr. Nakagaki's scholarly and moral accomplishment in this book is an important step in the right direction." --Robert Thurman, Je Tsongkhapa Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, Columbia University "Reverend Toshikazu Kenjitsu Nakagaki has shown intellectual courage and integrity in selecting for his book the controversial symbol of the swastika, stigmatized in the West for its association with ideas of racism and hatred and revered in the East for ages as representing a sacred spirituality. He has done a commendable job in presenting his extensive study and research opening the door for the inquisitive to the significance of this many-faceted icon and its implications for peace and reconciliation in today's complex world. The book is undoubtedly impressive and deserves wider global attention and readership." --Ambassador Anwarul K. Chowdhury, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations (2002-2007) "The Reverend TK Nakagaki renders a great service by rescuing the swastika, or Manji a benign 1,400 year old Buddhist symbol in Japan, from its hateful use by Adolf Hitler and his fascist Nazi thugs. It is must reading for all who care about the healing impact of the world's great religions." --George Packard, Dean Emeritus, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies "In a brave gesture of cross-cultural significance, The Buddhist Swastika and Hitler's Cross offers us a detailed explanation of the positive history and meaning that this profound symbol has had for millions of people over the millennia." --Rande Brown, LCSW, former Executive Director of the Tricycle Foundation, publisher of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review "Distinguished Buddhist teacher T.K. Nakagaki movingly explains the auspicious traditional significance of the swastika for Buddhists, stressing the sharp contrast between its original meaning and its later distortion by the Nazis. This is a cogent and timely call for interreligious understanding and acceptance. Highly recommended!" --Dr. Leo D. Lefebure, Matteo Ricci, S.J., Professor of Theology, Georgetown University "Nothing symbolizes evil and hate in our era more graphically than the image that the Nazis emblazoned on their flags. In a globalized world where East and West now meet and mix, profound misunderstandings too easily arise when the German Hakenkreuz becomes confused with the Indian swastika. With careful scholarship, a deep respect for Jewish life and identity, and great sensitivity toward the memory of the Shoah, T. K. Nakagaki has disentangled the Nazi symbol from the authentic meaning of the swastika. In doing so he has also challenged us to resist and refute evil and hate in whatever form they are manifested, and to work for the peace for which the ancient swastika authentically stands.", "Too often conflicts and arguments start from simple misunderstandings. The Buddhist symbol of the swastika is an excellent example of this human miscommunication. What started as a positive and beautiful symbol by the Buddhists was perverted and twisted by the German Nazis. This seminal work by Rev Dr. T. K. Nakagaki finally clearly and beautifully clarifies this simple and unknown truth" --Rabbi Michael Schudrich, The Chief Rabbi of Poland "The Nazi association with the symbol is so powerful in modern pop culture, it will be a long time before the swastika can be appreciated again as an expression of the positive, as it is in many ancient and Asian cultures still today. But Dr. Nakagaki''s scholarly and moral accomplishment in this book is an important step in the right direction." --Robert Thurman, Je Tsongkhapa Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, Columbia University "Reverend Toshikazu Kenjitsu Nakagaki has shown intellectual courage and integrity in selecting for his book the controversial symbol of the swastika, stigmatized in the West for its association with ideas of racism and hatred and revered in the East for ages as representing a sacred spirituality. He has done a commendable job in presenting his extensive study and research opening the door for the inquisitive to the significance of this many-faceted icon and its implications for peace and reconciliation in today''s complex world. The book is undoubtedly impressive and deserves wider global attention and readership." --Ambassador Anwarul K. Chowdhury, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations (2002-2007) "The Reverend TK Nakagaki renders a great service by rescuing the swastika, or Manji a benign 1,400 year old Buddhist symbol in Japan, from its hateful use by Adolf Hitler and his fascist Nazi thugs. It is must reading for all who care about the healing impact of the world''s great religions." --George Packard, Dean Emeritus, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies "In a brave gesture of cross-cultural significance, The Buddhist Swastika and Hitler''s Cross offers us a detailed explanation of the positive history and meaning that this profound symbol has had for millions of people over the millennia." --Rande Brown, LCSW, former Executive Director of the Tricycle Foundation, publisher of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review "Distinguished Buddhist teacher T.K. Nakagaki movingly explains the auspicious traditional significance of the swastika for Buddhists, stressing the sharp contrast between its original meaning and its later distortion by the Nazis. This is a cogent and timely call for interreligious understanding and acceptance. Highly recommended!" --Dr. Leo D. Lefebure, Matteo Ricci, S.J., Professor of Theology, Georgetown University "Nothing symbolizes evil and hate in our era more graphically than the image that the Nazis emblazoned on their flags. In a globalized world where East and West now meet and mix, profound misunderstandings too easily arise when the German Hakenkreuz becomes confused with the Indian swastika. With careful scholarship, a deep respect for Jewish life and identity, and great sensitivity toward the memory of the Shoah, T. K. Nakagaki has disentangled the Nazi symbol from the authentic meaning of the swastika. In doing so he has also challenged us to resist and refute evil and hate in whatever form they are manifested, and to work for the peace for which the ancient swastika authentically stands." --Dr. Dale T. Irvin, the President and Professor of World Christianity, the New York Theological Seminary, "The Nazi association with the symbol is so powerful in modern pop culture, it will be a long time before the swastika can be appreciated again as an expression of the positive, as it is in many ancient and Asian cultures still today. But Dr. Nakagaki''s scholarly and moral accomplishment in this book is an important step in the right direction." --Robert Thurman, Je Tsongkhapa Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, Columbia University "Too often conflicts and arguments start from simple misunderstandings. The Buddhist symbol of the swastika is an excellent example of this human miscommunication. What started as a positive and beautiful symbol by the Buddhists was perverted and twisted by the German Nazis. This seminal work by Rev Dr. T. K. Nakagaki finally clearly and beautifully clarifies this simple and unknown truth" --Rabbi Michael Schudrich, The Chief Rabbi of Poland "Reverend Toshikazu Kenjitsu Nakagaki has shown intellectual courage and integrity in selecting for his book the controversial symbol of the swastika, stigmatized in the West for its association with ideas of racism and hatred and revered in the East for ages as representing a sacred spirituality. He has done a commendable job in presenting his extensive study and research opening the door for the inquisitive to the significance of this many-faceted icon and its implications for peace and reconciliation in today''s complex world. The book is undoubtedly impressive and deserves wider global attention and readership." --Ambassador Anwarul K. Chowdhury, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations (2002-2007) "The Reverend TK Nakagaki renders a great service by rescuing the swastika, or Manji a benign 1,400 year old Buddhist symbol in Japan, from its hateful use by Adolf Hitler and his fascist Nazi thugs. It is must reading for all who care about the healing impact of the world''s great religions." --George Packard, Dean Emeritus, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies "In a brave gesture of cross-cultural significance, The Buddhist Swastika and Hitler''s Cross offers us a detailed explanation of the positive history and meaning that this profound symbol has had for millions of people over the millennia." --Rande Brown, LCSW, former Executive Director of the Tricycle Foundation, publisher of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review "Distinguished Buddhist teacher T.K. Nakagaki movingly explains the auspicious traditional significance of the swastika for Buddhists, stressing the sharp contrast between its original meaning and its later distortion by the Nazis. This is a cogent and timely call for interreligious understanding and acceptance. Highly recommended!" --Dr. Leo D. Lefebure, Matteo Ricci, S.J., Professor of Theology, Georgetown University "Nothing symbolizes evil and hate in our era more graphically than the image that the Nazis emblazoned on their flags. In a globalized world where East and West now meet and mix, profound misunderstandings too easily arise when the German Hakenkreuz becomes confused with the Indian swastika. With careful scholarship, a deep respect for Jewish life and identity, and great sensitivity toward the memory of the Shoah, T. K. Nakagaki has disentangled the Nazi symbol from the authentic meaning of the swastika. In doing so he has also challenged us to resist and refute evil and hate in whatever form they are manifested, and to work for the peace for which the ancient swastika authentically stands." --Dr. Dale T. Irvin, the President and Professor of World Christianity, the New York Theological Seminary, "I''m fascinated by Buddhist priest T.K. Nakagaki''s reflections on why symbols hold such power; how the swastika has been used for good across the globe; including as a motif in synagogues; and why Hitler adopted it to symbolize his own hateful philosophy." --Andrea Miller, Lion''s Roar "Too often conflicts and arguments start from simple misunderstandings. The Buddhist symbol of the swastika is an excellent example of this human miscommunication. What started as a positive and beautiful symbol by the Buddhists was perverted and twisted by the German Nazis. This seminal work by Rev Dr. T. K. Nakagaki finally clearly and beautifully clarifies this simple and unknown truth" --Rabbi Michael Schudrich, The Chief Rabbi of Poland "The Nazi association with the symbol is so powerful in modern pop culture, it will be a long time before the swastika can be appreciated again as an expression of the positive, as it is in many ancient and Asian cultures still today. But Dr. Nakagaki''s scholarly and moral accomplishment in this book is an important step in the right direction." --Robert Thurman, Je Tsongkhapa Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, Columbia University "Reverend Toshikazu Kenjitsu Nakagaki has shown intellectual courage and integrity in selecting for his book the controversial symbol of the swastika, stigmatized in the West for its association with ideas of racism and hatred and revered in the East for ages as representing a sacred spirituality. He has done a commendable job in presenting his extensive study and research opening the door for the inquisitive to the significance of this many-faceted icon and its implications for peace and reconciliation in today''s complex world. The book is undoubtedly impressive and deserves wider global attention and readership." --Ambassador Anwarul K. Chowdhury, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations (2002-2007) "The Reverend TK Nakagaki renders a great service by rescuing the swastika, or Manji a benign 1,400 year old Buddhist symbol in Japan, from its hateful use by Adolf Hitler and his fascist Nazi thugs. It is must reading for all who care about the healing impact of the world''s great religions." --George Packard, Dean Emeritus, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies "In a brave gesture of cross-cultural significance, The Buddhist Swastika and Hitler''s Cross offers us a detailed explanation of the positive history and meaning that this profound symbol has had for millions of people over the millennia." --Rande Brown, LCSW, former Executive Director of the Tricycle Foundation, publisher of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review "Distinguished Buddhist teacher T.K. Nakagaki movingly explains the auspicious traditional significance of the swastika for Buddhists, stressing the sharp contrast between its original meaning and its later distortion by the Nazis. This is a cogent and timely call for interreligious understanding and acceptance. Highly recommended!" --Dr. Leo D. Lefebure, Matteo Ricci, S.J., Professor of Theology, Georgetown University "Nothing symbolizes evil and hate in our era more graphically than the image that the Nazis emblazoned on their flags. In a globalized world where East and West now meet and mix, profound misunderstandings too easily arise when the German Hakenkreuz becomes confused with the Indian swastika. With careful scholarship, a deep respect for Jewish life and identity, and great sensitivity toward the memory of the Shoah, T. K. Nakagaki has disentangled the Nazi symbol from the authentic meaning of the swastika. In doing so he has also challenged us to resist and refute evil and hate in whatever form they are manifested, and to work for the peace for which the ancient swastika authentically stands." --Dr. Dale T. Irvin, the President and Professor of World Christianity, the New York Theological Seminary, "The Nazi association with the symbol is so powerful in modern pop culture, it will be a long time before the swastika can be appreciated again as an expression of the positive, as it is in many ancient and Asian cultures still today. But Dr. Nakagaki's scholarly and moral accomplishment in this book is an important step in the right direction." --Robert Thurman, Je Tsongkhapa Professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, Columbia University "Too often conflicts and arguments start from simple misunderstandings. The Buddhist symbol of the swastika is an excellent example of this human miscommunication. What started as a positive and beautiful symbol by the Buddhists was perverted and twisted by the German Nazis. This seminal work by Rev Dr. T. K. Nakagaki finally clearly and beautifully clarifies this simple and unknown truth" --Rabbi Michael Schudrich, The Chief Rabbi of Poland "Reverend Toshikazu Kenjitsu Nakagaki has shown intellectual courage and integrity in selecting for his book the controversial symbol of the swastika, stigmatized in the West for its association with ideas of racism and hatred and revered in the East for ages as representing a sacred spirituality. He has done a commendable job in presenting his extensive study and research opening the door for the inquisitive to the significance of this many-faceted icon and its implications for peace and reconciliation in today's complex world. The book is undoubtedly impressive and deserves wider global attention and readership." --Ambassador Anwarul K. Chowdhury, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations (2002-2007) "The Reverend TK Nakagaki renders a great service by rescuing the swastika, or Manji a benign 1,400 year old Buddhist symbol in Japan, from its hateful use by Adolf Hitler and his fascist Nazi thugs. It is must reading for all who care about the healing impact of the world's great religions." --George Packard, Dean Emeritus, the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies "In a brave gesture of cross-cultural significance, The Buddhist Swastika and Hitler's Cross offers us a detailed explanation of the positive history and meaning that this profound symbol has had for millions of people over the millennia." --Rande Brown, LCSW, former Executive Director of the Tricycle Foundation, publisher of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review "Distinguished Buddhist teacher T.K. Nakagaki movingly explains the auspicious traditional significance of the swastika for Buddhists, stressing the sharp contrast between its original meaning and its later distortion by the Nazis. This is a cogent and timely call for interreligious understanding and acceptance. Highly recommended!" --Dr. Leo D. Lefebure, Matteo Ricci, S.J., Professor of Theology, Georgetown University "Nothing symbolizes evil and hate in our era more graphically than the image that the Nazis emblazoned on their flags. In a globalized world where East and West now meet and mix, profound misunderstandings too easily arise when the German Hakenkreuz becomes confused with the Indian swastika. With careful scholarship, a deep respect for Jewish life and identity, and great sensitivity toward the memory of the Shoah, T. K. Nakagaki has disentangled the Nazi symbol from the authentic meaning of the swastika. In doing so he has also challenged us to resist and refute evil and hate in whatever form they are manifested, and to work for the peace for which the ancient swastika authentically stands." --Dr. Dale T. Irvin, the President and Professor of World Christianity, the New York Theological Seminary
Dewey Edition23
Table Of ContentACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii Preface 1 Western vs. Eastern Perceptions of the Swastika A Few Notes on Terms and Images 3 My First Encounter in the US ... 4 Why Discuss the Swastika Now? 6 The Human Capacity for Atrocity 8 Encountering Holocaust Survivors 10 Importance of Dialogue 12 Our Own Monsters Within 13 Chapter 1 14 The Swastika Symbol in My Tradition The Swastika in Japan 14 Meaning of the Swastika in Japanese language 26 Meaning of the Swastika in the Buddha's Discourse 29 The Standard Buddhist Swastika is Left-Turning 35 Chapter 2 39 A Universal Symbol Swastika Use in Various Religions 40 The Swastika Symbol in North America 56 Chapter 3 69 Hitler's Flag Design of the Hook-Cross 69 Hitler and the Eastern Swastika; 74 Swastika usage in 19th and 20th Century Europe 74 Chapter 4 77 Hitler's First Meaning of Hakenkreuz: Aryan Meaning of "Aryan" 77 arya in Buddhism 78 The Western Concept of What is an Aryan 82 The Meaning of "Aryan" for Hitler 87 Chapter 5 96 Hitler's Second Meaning of The Hakenkreuz : Anti-Semitism Meaning of Anti-Semitism 96 Anti-Semitism and Hitler's Early Life 99 Martin Luther (1483 -1546) 100 Richard Wagner (1813 -1883) 107 Luther, Wagner and Hitler 117 Political Symbol vs. Religious and Spiritual Symbol 117 Chapter 6 119 Hitler's Symbol Is a "Hakenkreuz," Not a Swastika Difference between "Swastika" and "Hakenkreuz" 119 Definition of "Hakenkreuz" 125 Swastika and Hakenkreuz in Dictionaries 127 Translation Problems of "Hakenkreuz" 131 Chapter 7 140 Conclusion - Present & Future Meaning of the Swastika Symbol Current Swastika Issues 140 Where Are We Going? 143 Epilogue 147 Action Plan for the Public BIBLIOGRAPHY 152
SynopsisThe swastika has been used for over three thousand years by billions of people in many cultures and religions--including Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism--as an auspicious symbol of the sun and good fortune. However, beginning with its hijacking and misappropriation by Nazi Germany, it has also been used, and continues to be used, as a symbol of hate in the Western World. Hitler's device is in fact a "hooked cross." Rev. Nakagaki's book explains how and why these symbols got confused, and offers a path to peace, understanding, and reconciliation. Please note: Photographs in the digital edition of the books are in color. Photographs in the print edition are in black and white., A remarkable cross-cultural history that rescues the swastika, an ancient Buddhist symbol, from its deployment by the forces of hate., For over 3,000 years the swastika has been used by billions of people in many cultures and religions-including Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism-as an auspicious symbol of the sun and good fortune. But its misappropriation by Nazi Germany has made it a symbol of hate in the Western world. T.K. Nakagaki's lucid history and commentary show us how to recapture its meaning-and why we must. This is an astonishing, insightful work of cross-cultural interpretation and analysis, an important call for peace and understanding. Book jacket., A remarkable cross-cultural history that rescues the swastika, anancient Buddhist symbol, from its deployment by the forces of hate. The swastika has been used for over three thousand years by billionsof people in many cultures and religions--including Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism--as an auspicious symbol of the sun and good fortune. However,beginning with its hijacking and misappropriation by Nazi Germany, ithas also been used, and continues to be used, as a symbol of hate in the Western World. Hitler's device is in fact a "hooked cross." Rev. Nakagaki's book explains how and why these symbols got confused, andoffers a path to peace, understanding, and reconciliation. Please note: Photographs in the digital edition of the books are in color.Photographs in the print edition are in black and white.