Table Of ContentCONTENTS List of Figures ix List of Maps xi List of Tables xiii Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 1. The McRees of South Georgia 15 2. The Birth of Misdemeanor Convict Leasing 31 3. Felony Leasing and Debt Peonage under Scrutiny 50 4. Misdemeanor Leasing at the Turn of the Century 67 5. The Scandal of 1900-1901 89 6. The State Scandal of 1903 113 7. The National Scandal of 1903 134 8. The Federal Crusade against Peonage 153 9. The Death of Leasing in Georgia 173 10. The Last Twilight of the Kinderlou Dynasty 198 Notes 213 Bibliography 249 Index 269
SynopsisIn this book, Thomas Aiello takes a close look at the Deep South'sdependence on systems of bound labor during the post-Reconstruction erathrough the story of a labor camp in Georgia, drawing attention to theinjustices and abuses of misdemeanor convict leasing., Uncovering a little-known system of bound labor in the post-Reconstruction South Afterthe constitutional end to slavery in the United States, southern whitelandowners replaced labor by enslaved people with systems of bound laborin which people worked to pay off debts or legal fines. Through thestory of a labor camp in Georgia, Thomas Aiello takes a close look atthe Deep South's dependence on debt peonage and convict leasing systemsduring the post-Reconstruction era and draws attention to a form ofbound labor that has not been discussed by scholars of racializedincarceration. At the center of this study is theKinderlou labor camp, which was owned by the prominent white McReefamily of Valdosta. In south Georgia and north Florida, debt peonage andfelony convict leasing operated separately from an often overlookedthird system: misdemeanor convict leasing. This system was largelyunregulated by prison officials, leading to abuses of persons withconvictions working in the turpentine industry and the kidnapping ofmany Black residents of the area who had never been charged with crimes.Unlike other work camps, Kinderlou deployed all three systems tobolster its workforce, making it a unique manifestation of the region'sexploitative labor operations. Through deep archivalresearch, Aiello uncovers injustices that drove local individuals whowere imprisoned to work with federal prosecutors to seek relief andpublicize the abuses they saw and experienced. The nexus of racism,work, and incarceration seen at Kinderlou is shown here to have been aform of slavery a half century after slavery's official "end." It alsocasts a long shadow on today's carceral system. Publicationof this work made possible by a Sustaining the Humanities through theAmerican Rescue Plan grant from the National Endowment for theHumanities., Uncovering a little-known system of bound labor in the post-Reconstruction South After the constitutional end to slavery in the United States, southern white landowners replaced labor by enslaved people with systems of bound labor in which people worked to pay off debts or legal fines. Through the story of a labor camp in Georgia, Thomas Aiello takes a close look at the Deep South's dependence on debt peonage and convict leasing systems during the post-Reconstruction era and draws attention to a form of bound labor that has not been discussed by scholars of racialized incarceration. At the center of this study is the Kinderlou labor camp, which was owned by the prominent white McRee family of Valdosta. In south Georgia and north Florida, debt peonage and felony convict leasing operated separately from an often overlooked third system: misdemeanor convict leasing. This system was largely unregulated by prison officials, leading to abuses of persons with convictions working in the turpentine industry and the kidnapping of many Black residents of the area who had never been charged with crimes. Unlike other work camps, Kinderlou deployed all three systems to bolster its workforce, making it a unique manifestation of the region's exploitative labor operations. Through deep archival research, Aiello uncovers injustices that drove local individuals who were imprisoned to work with federal prosecutors to seek relief and publicize the abuses they saw and experienced. The nexus of racism, work, and incarceration seen at Kinderlou is shown here to have been a form of slavery a half century after slavery's official "end." It also casts a long shadow on today's carceral system. Publication of this work made possible by a Sustaining the Humanities through the American Rescue Plan grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.